Periyar National Park
About
Periyar is a rare example of an “aquatic-centric” sanctuary. Situated in the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, the park surrounds a 26 sq. km artificial lake and serves as a critical sanctuary for the Nilgiri Tahr.
History
The park was created following the 1895 construction of the Mullaperiyar Dam ecosystem. While the dam was a feat of British engineering, it unintentionally created a unique habitat where elephants and other wildlife congregate at the water’s edge.
Wildlife in Periyar National Park
- Asian Elephants
- Tigers, Leopards, Sloth Bears
- Nilgiri Langur, Lion-tailed Macaque (endangered)
- Indian Bison (Gaur), Wild Boar, Sambar Deer
- 250+ Bird Species → Malabar Hornbill, Nilgiri Wood Pigeon, Black Eagle
- 40+ Reptiles → King Cobra, Monitor Lizard
Zones
- Lake Zone (Boating): The most popular zone for spotting herds of wild elephants and gaur along the water’s edge from a double-decker boat.
- Nature Trail Zone (Trekking): Guided 3-hour walks through moist deciduous forests, perfect for seeing birds, butterflies, and Malabar Giant Squirrels.
- Gavi/Vallakkadavu Zone (Jeep Safari): A rugged, long-distance forest drive through dense jungle and tea estates, offering a traditional vehicle safari feel.
- Border Hike Zone (High-Altitude): A strenuous full-day trek along mountain ridges that provides panoramic views and chances to see the rare Nilgiri Tahr.
- Tiger Trail Zone (Camping): An immersive multi-day trekking and tent-stay program led by reformed poachers into the deep core territory of tigers.
Best Time to Visit
- October – June Best season for safaris & treks
- December – February Cool weather, scenic for birdwatching
- March – April Good for elephant sightings near water
- July – Septemberz Park open, but heavy rains may limit activities
Safari Timings
- Boat Safari on Periyar Lake: 7:30 AM | 9:30 AM | 11:15 AM | 1:45 PM | 3:30 PM
- Nature Walks & Rafting: 7:00 AM – 3:00 PM (various slots)
- Night Trekking: 7:00 PM – 4:00 AM (with guides)
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